[1] The sound Tahuantinsuyu that means, “the four regions united in itself” expresses the desire of the Inca toward unity. This manifests the intent or impulse toward integration, different from the concept of Empire that applies to other continents.

[2] The new territories conquered by Spain after the fall of Atahualpa, the last Inca, were denominated New Galicia.

[3] The Salinar Culture (500-100 BC) was discovered and defined by Larco Hoyle in 1941, when digging a cemetery in the place of Salinar, which gave the name of the culture, in the farms Pampas Jaguey, valley of Chicama, and other sites of second importance in Sausal. The main development area of Salinar was the valley of Chicama until the port of Guañape.

[4] Received this name in honor of the Peruvian scientist Julio C. Tello, belongs to the most ancient periods of Chavín (800 b.C.). It has an elongated form with a rectangular section and represents a caiman, connected to land, water and all living elements of the nature. In its body there are men, birds, snakes, felines, etc. and the divine monster feeds from them.

[5] Legend told by Toribio Mejia Xespe, taking into consideration four versions collected around 1933-1934 of people from Pomabamba, of Chavín de Huantar, of Alto Marañón and the accidental slope of the mountain range. «Chavín Iconographic: He God of the Big Canines».

[6] Turtledove of the Andean plateau.

[7] Johan Reihard in his book "Nazca Lines: A new approach to their origin and meaning".

[8] Technique that basically consists in painting the areas that surround the lines that delimit the decorative motifs, but not the same motifs that in this way appear highlighted in "negative".

[9] Julio C. Tello called the culture nowadays known as Moche, “Mochica”. Both names are validly considered as synonyms. Nevertheless, the word Mochica could give rise to confusions, since at the Spaniards conquest times "Mochica" was the name of the language broadly spread in the North Coast. On the other hand, the Moche's culture itself was prior to the Mochica speakers in more than 500 years.

[10] The Sicán Culture receives its name from the ceremonial city that has this name and is located in the medium valley of river La Leche, in the region of Batán Grande in the Department of Lambayeque. «Sicán» means "House of the Moon" in the ancient Muchik language. It reached its maximum splendor during the medium phase, 900 to 1000 AD. This culture is mostly known as Lambayeque.

[11] The reciprocity is an socio-economic organization system, which ruled the rendering of services to several levels and was used as a mechanism in the production and distribution of goods. It ruled the relationships among the members of a society which economy did not know the use of money.

[12] Word of the local languages of the north.